Next Generation of Integrated Circuits: Silicon Photonics for on-Chip Interconnects and Optical Sensing

The last 10 years have seen the emergence of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), and black phosphorus (BP) among the growing portfolio of layered van der Waals thin films. Graphene, the prototypical 2D material has advanced rapidly in device, circuit, and system studies that have resulted in commercial large-area applications. In this work, we present a perspective on the contemporary, emerging and potential translational applications of 2D materials including semiconductors, semimetals, and insulators that comprise the basic material set for diverse nanosystems. Applications include RF transceivers, flexible smart systems, the so-called internet of things, and neurotechnology for healthcare. Global R&D activities and smartphone penetration of nanomaterials will be highlighted.